liquid-java · rcosta358 · Feb 18, 2026 · Feb 19, 2026 · Feb 19, 2026 · Feb 20, 2026
diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/pom.xml b/liquidjava-verifier/pom.xml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 	<groupId>io.github.liquid-java</groupId>
 	<artifactId>liquidjava-verifier</artifactId>
-	<version>0.0.14</version>
+	<version>0.0.15</version>
 	<name>liquidjava-verifier</name>
 	<description>LiquidJava Verifier</description>
 	<url>https://github.com/liquid-java/liquidjava</url>

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/diagnostics/ErrorPosition.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/diagnostics/ErrorPosition.java
diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/diagnostics/LJDiagnostic.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/diagnostics/LJDiagnostic.java
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ public class LJDiagnostic extends RuntimeException {
     private final String accentColor;
     private final String customMessage;
     private String file;
-    private ErrorPosition position;
+    private SourcePosition position;
     private static final String PIPE = " | ";
 
     public LJDiagnostic(String title, String message, SourcePosition pos, String accentColor, String customMessage) {
         this.title = title;
         this.message = message;
         this.file = (pos != null && pos.getFile() != null) ? pos.getFile().getPath() : null;
-        this.position = ErrorPosition.fromSpoonPosition(pos);
+        this.position = pos;
         this.accentColor = accentColor;
         this.customMessage = customMessage;
     }
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ public String getDetails() {
         return ""; // to be overridden by subclasses
     }
 
-    public ErrorPosition getPosition() {
+    public SourcePosition getPosition() {
         return position;
     }
 
     public void setPosition(SourcePosition pos) {
         if (pos == null)
             return;
-        this.position = ErrorPosition.fromSpoonPosition(pos);
+        this.position = pos;
         this.file = pos.getFile().getPath();
     }
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public String toString() {
 
         // location
         if (file != null && position != null) {
-            sb.append("\n").append(file).append(":").append(position.lineStart()).append(Colors.RESET).append("\n");
+            sb.append("\n").append(file).append(":").append(position.getLine()).append(Colors.RESET).append("\n");
         }
 
         return sb.toString();
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ public String getSnippet() {
             // before and after lines for context
             int contextBefore = 2;
             int contextAfter = 2;
-            int startLine = Math.max(1, position.lineStart() - contextBefore);
-            int endLine = Math.min(lines.size(), position.lineEnd() + contextAfter);
+            int startLine = Math.max(1, position.getLine() - contextBefore);
+            int endLine = Math.min(lines.size(), position.getEndLine() + contextAfter);
 
             // calculate padding for line numbers
             int padding = String.valueOf(endLine).length();
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ public String getSnippet() {
                 sb.append(Colors.GREY).append(lineNumStr).append(PIPE).append(line).append(Colors.RESET).append("\n");
 
                 // add error markers on the line(s) with the error
-                if (i >= position.lineStart() && i <= position.lineEnd()) {
-                    int colStart = (i == position.lineStart()) ? position.colStart() : 1;
-                    int colEnd = (i == position.lineEnd()) ? position.colEnd() : rawLine.length();
+                if (i >= position.getLine() && i <= position.getEndLine()) {
+                    int colStart = (i == position.getLine()) ? position.getColumn() : 1;
+                    int colEnd = (i == position.getEndLine()) ? position.getEndColumn() : rawLine.length();
 
                     if (colStart > 0 && colEnd > 0) {
                         int tabsBeforeStart = (int) rawLine.substring(0, Math.max(0, colStart - 1)).chars()

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/Context.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/Context.java
@@ -104,32 +104,31 @@ public void addVarToContext(RefinedVariable var) {
         var.addSuperTypes(type.getSuperclass(), type.getSuperInterfaces());
     }
 
-    public RefinedVariable addVarToContext(String simpleName, CtTypeReference<?> type, Predicate c,
-            CtElement placementInCode) {
+    public RefinedVariable addVarToContext(String simpleName, CtTypeReference<?> type, Predicate c, CtElement element) {
         RefinedVariable vi = new Variable(simpleName, type, c);
-        vi.addPlacementInCode(PlacementInCode.createPlacement(placementInCode));
+        vi.addPlacementInCode(element);
         vi.addSuperTypes(type.getSuperclass(), type.getSuperInterfaces());
         addVarToContext(vi);
         return vi;
     }
 
     public RefinedVariable addInstanceToContext(String simpleName, CtTypeReference<?> type, Predicate c,
-            CtElement placementInCode) {
+            CtElement element) {
         RefinedVariable vi = new VariableInstance(simpleName, type, c);
-        vi.addPlacementInCode(PlacementInCode.createPlacement(placementInCode));
+        vi.addPlacementInCode(element);
         if (!ctxInstanceVars.contains(vi))
             addInstanceVariable(vi);
         return vi;
     }
 
     public void addRefinementToVariableInContext(String name, CtTypeReference<?> type, Predicate et,
-            CtElement placementInCode) {
+            CtElement element) {
         if (hasVariable(name)) {
             RefinedVariable vi = getVariableByName(name);
             vi.setRefinement(et);
-            vi.addPlacementInCode(PlacementInCode.createPlacement(placementInCode));
+            vi.addPlacementInCode(element);
         } else {
-            addVarToContext(name, type, et, placementInCode);
+            addVarToContext(name, type, et, element);
         }
     }
 

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/ContextHistory.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/ContextHistory.java
@@ -5,24 +5,27 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
+import liquidjava.utils.Utils;
 import spoon.reflect.cu.SourcePosition;
 import spoon.reflect.declaration.CtElement;
-import spoon.reflect.declaration.CtExecutable;
+import spoon.reflect.declaration.CtParameter;
 
 public class ContextHistory {
     private static ContextHistory instance;
 
     private Map<String, Map<String, Set<RefinedVariable>>> fileScopeVars; // file -> (scope -> variables in scope)
+    private Map<String, Set<GhostState>> ghosts; // file -> ghosts
+
+    // globals
+    private Set<AliasWrapper> aliases;
     private Set<RefinedVariable> instanceVars;
     private Set<RefinedVariable> globalVars;
-    private Set<GhostState> ghosts;
-    private Set<AliasWrapper> aliases;
 
     private ContextHistory() {
         fileScopeVars = new HashMap<>();
         instanceVars = new HashSet<>();
         globalVars = new HashSet<>();
-        ghosts = new HashSet<>();
+        ghosts = new HashMap<>();
         aliases = new HashSet<>();
     }
 
@@ -41,32 +44,43 @@ public void clearHistory() {
     }
 
     public void saveContext(CtElement element, Context context) {
-        SourcePosition pos = element.getPosition();
-        if (pos == null || pos.getFile() == null)
+        String file = getFile(element);
+        if (file == null)
             return;
 
-        // add variables in scope for this position
-        String file = pos.getFile().getAbsolutePath();
+        // add variables in scope
         String scope = getScopePosition(element);
         fileScopeVars.putIfAbsent(file, new HashMap<>());
         fileScopeVars.get(file).put(scope, new HashSet<>(context.getCtxVars()));
 
-        // add other elements in context
+        // add other elements in context (except ghosts)
         instanceVars.addAll(context.getCtxInstanceVars());
         globalVars.addAll(context.getCtxGlobalVars());
-        ghosts.addAll(context.getGhostStates());
         aliases.addAll(context.getAliases());
     }
 
+    public void saveGhost(CtElement element, GhostState ghost) {
+        String file = getFile(element);
+        if (file == null)
+            return;
+        ghosts.putIfAbsent(file, new HashSet<>());
+        ghosts.get(file).add(ghost);
+    }
+
+    private String getFile(CtElement element) {
+        SourcePosition pos = element.getPosition();
+        if (pos == null || pos.getFile() == null)
+            return null;
+
+        return pos.getFile().getAbsolutePath();
+    }
+
     public String getScopePosition(CtElement element) {
+        CtElement startElement = element instanceof CtParameter<?> ? element.getParent() : element;
+        SourcePosition annPosition = Utils.getFirstLJAnnotationPosition(startElement);
         SourcePosition pos = element.getPosition();
-        SourcePosition innerPosition = pos;
-        if (element instanceof CtExecutable<?> executable) {
-            if (executable.getBody() != null)
-                innerPosition = executable.getBody().getPosition();
-        }
-        return String.format("%d:%d-%d:%d", innerPosition.getLine(), innerPosition.getColumn() + 1, pos.getEndLine(),
-                pos.getEndColumn());
+        return String.format("%d:%d-%d:%d", annPosition.getLine() - 1, annPosition.getColumn() - 1,
+                pos.getEndLine() - 1, pos.getEndColumn() - 1);
     }
 
     public Map<String, Map<String, Set<RefinedVariable>>> getFileScopeVars() {
@@ -81,7 +95,7 @@ public Set<RefinedVariable> getGlobalVars() {
         return globalVars;
     }
 
-    public Set<GhostState> getGhosts() {
+    public Map<String, Set<GhostState>> getGhosts() {
         return ghosts;
     }
 

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/RefinedVariable.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/context/RefinedVariable.java
@@ -4,15 +4,21 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 import liquidjava.rj_language.Predicate;
+import liquidjava.utils.Utils;
+import spoon.reflect.cu.SourcePosition;
+import spoon.reflect.declaration.CtElement;
 import spoon.reflect.reference.CtTypeReference;
 
 public abstract class RefinedVariable extends Refined {
     private final List<CtTypeReference<?>> supertypes;
     private PlacementInCode placementInCode;
+    private boolean isParameter;
+    private SourcePosition annPosition;
 
     public RefinedVariable(String name, CtTypeReference<?> type, Predicate c) {
         super(name, type, c);
         supertypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        isParameter = false;
     }
 
     public abstract Predicate getMainRefinement();
@@ -34,14 +40,23 @@ public void addSuperTypes(CtTypeReference<?> ts, Set<CtTypeReference<?>> sts) {
                 supertypes.add(ct);
     }
 
-    public void addPlacementInCode(PlacementInCode s) {
-        placementInCode = s;
+    public void addPlacementInCode(CtElement element) {
+        placementInCode = PlacementInCode.createPlacement(element);
+        annPosition = Utils.getFirstLJAnnotationPosition(element);
+    }
+
+    public void addPlacementInCode(PlacementInCode placement) {
+        placementInCode = placement;
     }
 
     public PlacementInCode getPlacementInCode() {
         return placementInCode;
     }
 
+    public SourcePosition getAnnPosition() {
+        return annPosition;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         final int prime = 31;
@@ -65,4 +80,12 @@ public boolean equals(Object obj) {
             return supertypes.equals(other.supertypes);
         }
     }
+
+    public void setIsParameter(boolean b) {
+        isParameter = b;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isParameter() {
+        return isParameter;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/.../src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/ExternalRefinementTypeChecker.java b/.../src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/ExternalRefinementTypeChecker.java
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import liquidjava.diagnostics.warnings.ExternalClassNotFoundWarning;
 import liquidjava.diagnostics.warnings.ExternalMethodNotFoundWarning;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.Context;
+import liquidjava.processor.context.ContextHistory;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.GhostFunction;
 import liquidjava.processor.facade.GhostDTO;
 import liquidjava.processor.refinement_checker.general_checkers.MethodsFunctionsChecker;
@@ -28,8 +29,9 @@
 import spoon.reflect.reference.CtTypeReference;
 
 public class ExternalRefinementTypeChecker extends TypeChecker {
-    String prefix;
-    Diagnostics diagnostics = Diagnostics.getInstance();
+    private String prefix;
+    private final Diagnostics diagnostics = Diagnostics.getInstance();
+    private final ContextHistory contextHistory = ContextHistory.getInstance();
 
     public ExternalRefinementTypeChecker(Context context, Factory factory) {
         super(context, factory);

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/TypeChecker.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/TypeChecker.java
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import liquidjava.diagnostics.errors.*;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.AliasWrapper;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.Context;
+import liquidjava.processor.context.ContextHistory;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.GhostFunction;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.GhostState;
 import liquidjava.processor.context.RefinedVariable;
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ public abstract class TypeChecker extends CtScanner {
     protected final Context context;
     protected final Factory factory;
     protected final VCChecker vcChecker;
+    private final ContextHistory contextHistory = ContextHistory.getInstance();
 
     public TypeChecker(Context context, Factory factory) {
         this.context = context;
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ public Optional<Predicate> getRefinementFromAnnotation(CtElement element) throws
         if (ref.isPresent()) {
             Predicate p = new Predicate(ref.get(), element);
             if (!p.getExpression().isBooleanExpression()) {
-                SourcePosition position = Utils.getAnnotationPosition(element, ref.get());
+                SourcePosition position = Utils.getLJAnnotationPosition(element, ref.get());
                 throw new InvalidRefinementError(position, "Refinement predicate must be a boolean expression",
                         ref.get());
             }
@@ -157,6 +159,7 @@ private void createStateSet(CtNewArray<String> e, int set, CtElement element) th
                 gs.setRefinement(Predicate.createEquals(ip, Predicate.createLit(Integer.toString(order), Types.INT)));
                 // open(THIS) -> state1(THIS) == 1
                 context.addToGhostClass(g.getParentClassName(), gs);
+                contextHistory.saveGhost(element, gs);
             }
             order++;
         }
@@ -191,6 +194,7 @@ private void createStateGhost(String string, CtElement element, SourcePosition p
         CtTypeReference<?> r = factory.Type().createReference(gd.returnType());
         GhostState gs = new GhostState(gd.name(), param, r, qn);
         context.addToGhostClass(sn, gs);
+        contextHistory.saveGhost(element, gs);
     }
 
     protected String getQualifiedClassName(CtElement element) {

diff --git a/...ava/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/general_checkers/MethodsFunctionsChecker.java b/...ava/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/general_checkers/MethodsFunctionsChecker.java
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ private Predicate handleFunctionRefinements(RefinedFunction f, CtElement method,
                 c = oc.get().substituteVariable(Keys.WILDCARD, paramName);
             param.putMetadata(Keys.REFINEMENT, c);
             RefinedVariable v = rtc.getContext().addVarToContext(param.getSimpleName(), param.getType(), c, param);
+            v.setIsParameter(true);
             rtc.getMessageFromAnnotation(param).ifPresent(v::setMessage);
             if (v instanceof Variable)
                 f.addArgRefinements((Variable) v);

diff --git a/...rc/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/object_checkers/AuxStateHandler.java b/...rc/main/java/liquidjava/processor/refinement_checker/object_checkers/AuxStateHandler.java
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ private static Predicate createStatePredicate(String value, String targetClass,
             boolean isTo, String prefix) throws LJError {
         Predicate p = new Predicate(value, e, prefix);
         if (!p.getExpression().isBooleanExpression()) {
-            SourcePosition position = Utils.getAnnotationPosition(e, value);
+            SourcePosition position = Utils.getLJAnnotationPosition(e, value);
             throw new InvalidRefinementError(position, "State refinement transition must be a boolean expression",
                     value);
         }

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/rj_language/Predicate.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/rj_language/Predicate.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ protected Expression parse(String ref, CtElement element) throws LJError {
             return RefinementsParser.createAST(ref, prefix);
         } catch (LJError e) {
             // add location info to error
-            SourcePosition pos = Utils.getAnnotationPosition(element, ref);
+            SourcePosition pos = Utils.getLJAnnotationPosition(element, ref);
             e.setPosition(pos);
             throw e;
         }

diff --git a/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/utils/Utils.java b/liquidjava-verifier/src/main/java/liquidjava/utils/Utils.java
@@ -38,12 +38,21 @@ public static String qualifyName(String prefix, String name) {
         return String.format("%s.%s", prefix, name);
     }
 
-    public static SourcePosition getAnnotationPosition(CtElement element, String refinement) {
+    public static SourcePosition getLJAnnotationPosition(CtElement element, String refinement) {
         return element.getAnnotations().stream()
                 .filter(a -> isLiquidJavaAnnotation(a) && hasRefinementValue(a, "\"" + refinement + "\"")).findFirst()
                 .map(CtElement::getPosition).orElse(element.getPosition());
     }
 
+    public static SourcePosition getFirstLJAnnotationPosition(CtElement element) {
+        return element.getAnnotations().stream().filter(Utils::isLiquidJavaAnnotation).map(CtElement::getPosition)
+                .min((p1, p2) -> {
+                    if (p1.getLine() != p2.getLine())
+                        return Integer.compare(p1.getLine(), p2.getLine());
+                    return Integer.compare(p1.getColumn(), p2.getColumn());
+                }).orElse(element.getPosition());
+    }
+
     private static boolean isLiquidJavaAnnotation(CtAnnotation<?> annotation) {
         return annotation.getAnnotationType().getQualifiedName().startsWith("liquidjava.specification");
     }